Native American folk magic refers to the traditional spiritual practices and beliefs of the Indigenous peoples of North America. These practices vary among different tribes but often share similar themes and principles. One of the main aspects of Native American folk magic is the belief in the interconnectedness of all things in nature. Native Americans view the world as a living, breathing entity, with all elements having a spirit or energy that can be tapped into for guidance and healing. This holistic approach to life is central to their magical practices. Among the many tools used in Native American folk magic, herbs and plants play a significant role.
Detail from Joseph-François Lafitau, Moeurs des sauvages amériquains comparées aux moeurs des premiers temps (Customs of the American Indians compared with the customs of primitive times [in Europe]), 1724. The Library Company of Philadelphia
, furs, tobacco, food , but when entire communities sought divine assistance to ensure a successful hunt, a good harvest, or victory in warfare, they called upon shamans, priests, and, in fewer tribes, priestesses, whom they believed to have acquired supernatural powers through visions. When the United States obtained New Mexico and other areas of the southwest, Indian agents were sent out to monitor the Indians and attempt to change their culture.
Among the many tools used in Native American folk magic, herbs and plants play a significant role. Different herbs are believed to possess specific properties or powers, and are used in various rituals and ceremonies. They can be burned as incense, brewed into teas, or applied to the body to promote healing, protection, and spiritual connection.
American Indians, Witchcraft, and Witch-hunting
To paraphrase historian David D. Hall, “the people[s] of seventeenth-century New England lived in an enchanted universe. Theirs was a world of wonders” ( 1). As much as English settlers, Native New Englanders (and Native Americans generally) inhabited worlds of wonder, milieus peopled with extraordinary beings and marked by supernatural phenomena. Witchcraft, among other remarkable beliefs and practices, was an integral part of their worldview, as common among Natives as among European newcomers.
Since the advent of American colonization itself, European commentators have emphasized the cultural differences between American Natives and European colonists, often equating Indian difference with inferiority. Yet, at least in retrospect, the similarities among these contending peoples are striking. A few recent scholars have even argued persuasively that such similarities— not differences, certainly not any “racial” distinction—set European colonists and Native Americans at odds as they competed for the same thing: American land and resources. Yet a shared belief in witchcraft— no more than a similar ambition to live abundant lives in the North American landscape— hardly brought the two peoples together. At least in one important respect, Indian supernaturalism, particularly claims of direct, personal revelation, made Natives suspect in the eyes of colonists and helped persuade English settlers that Indians liberally practiced the dark arts. Hostile colonists characterized the Natives' homeland as “wilderness,” a “devil's den.” They saw the Indians' natural religion as diabolical, understood Native shamans as witches, and demeaned Native practitioners as slaves of Satan. Consider, for example, the descriptions of the missionary Thomas Mayhew Jr. regarding the Wampanoags of Martha's Vineyard in 1652:
When the Lord first brought me to these poor Indians on the Vinyard, they were mighty zealous and earnest in the Worship of False gods and Devils; … The Devil also with his Angels had his Kingdom among them; … by him they were often hurt in their Bodies, distracted in their Minds, wherefore they had many meetings with their Pawwaws [shaman or chief religious practitioner], (who usually had a hand in their hurt) to pacifie the Devil by their sacrifice, … . The Pawwaws counted their Imps their Preservers, had them treasured up in their friends ( 2).
Magical powers were not always differentiated as good or evil, with the people using their magical skills for several purposes. In fact, the concept of a witch was tied to the concepts of life and human origin, with the people believing that witches existed alongside humans and not apart from other living beings. Thus, they were not supernatural. The Tewa believed that witches accompany people daily and are defined as those “of a different breath.” However, they had a different physical and spiritual existence, not like “common” humans. Rather, they had to live on the unexpired lives of their victims by capturing or indoctrinating their souls. Further, they had to continually kill or perish themselves.
Another important aspect of Native American folk magic is the use of rituals and ceremonies. These are often performed to communicate with ancestors, spirits, or deities and to seek their guidance and blessings. Sweat lodges, smudging, and vision quests are some examples of these rituals, which are designed to purify the mind, body, and spirit and open oneself to the spiritual realm. Dreams and visions hold a prominent place in Native American folk magic as well. It is believed that messages from the spiritual world can be received through dreams and visions, serving as guides or warnings. Native Americans pay close attention to their dreams and use them as a means of divination and connecting with the spiritual realm. Native American folk magic also places a strong emphasis on the power of personal responsibility. Individuals are encouraged to take responsibility for their own actions, thoughts, and intentions, as they believe that one's intentions and energy can have a direct impact on one's reality. Positive thoughts and actions are seen as vital for cultivating a balanced and harmonious life. In conclusion, Native American folk magic encompasses a wide range of spiritual practices and beliefs that are deeply rooted in the cultures and traditions of Indigenous peoples. It emphasizes the interconnectedness of all things, the use of herbs and rituals, the importance of dreams and visions, and personal responsibility. These magical practices continue to be passed down from generation to generation, preserving the rich spiritual heritage of Native Americans..
Reviews for "Connecting with Ancestors through Native American Folk Magic"
1. John - 1 star
I found "Native American Folk Magic" to be highly disappointing. I was looking forward to learning about the rich and diverse traditions of Native American cultures, but instead, it was filled with generalized and inaccurate information. The author made sweeping statements without providing any concrete examples or references. As someone who is interested in learning about different cultures, I found this book to be frustrating and unhelpful.
2. Sarah - 2 stars
I had high hopes for "Native American Folk Magic," but unfortunately, it fell short of my expectations. The book lacked depth and failed to provide a comprehensive understanding of Native American folk magic. The author seemed to skim over important details and instead focused on vague and generic information. Additionally, the book lacked proper citations and references, making it difficult to verify the accuracy of the claims made. Overall, I was disappointed with the lack of substance in this book.
3. David - 2 stars
While "Native American Folk Magic" presented an interesting concept, the execution was flawed. The book seemed more interested in romanticizing and idealizing Native American culture, rather than providing accurate and authentic information. The author's writing style was overly simplistic and lacked the depth that is required to truly delve into such a complex and diverse topic. I was left wanting more in terms of historical context and cultural analysis. For those seeking a genuine understanding of Native American folk magic, I would recommend looking elsewhere.
4. Emily - 1 star
I cannot recommend "Native American Folk Magic" to anyone looking for a legitimate exploration of Native American traditions. The book was riddled with cultural appropriation and inaccuracies, presenting a distorted and often disrespectful portrayal of Native American cultures. The author failed to acknowledge the importance of cultural sensitivity and disregarded the significance of obtaining permission and knowledge from Native communities. This book is not only misleading but also perpetuates harmful stereotypes and misrepresentations. It is crucial to approach topics like Native American folk magic with respect and understanding, and unfortunately, this book sorely misses the mark.
5. Michael - 2 stars
Having studied and practiced various forms of folk magic, I was intrigued by the concept of exploring Native American folk magic. However, "Native American Folk Magic" was a disappointment. The book lacked depth and failed to provide adequate instructions or explanations for the practices mentioned. It felt more like a vague overview of different practices, rather than a comprehensive guide. I would have appreciated more detailed explanations, historical context, and insights from actual practitioners. Overall, this book left me unsatisfied and in need of more substantial information.