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The Navajo witch purge of 1878 was a significant event in Navajo history. It was a time when the Navajo people faced severe repression and violence from the United States government. In the late 19th century, tensions between the Navajo people and the US government were high. The US government had been trying to suppress Native American cultures and customs and enforce assimilation. One of the methods used was the suppression of Native American religious practices, including the Navajo witchcraft tradition. The Navajo people have a long history of practicing witchcraft, which is known in their language as "naadleehi.

The Navajo people have a long history of practicing witchcraft, which is known in their language as "naadleehi." This spiritual practice involves using supernatural powers to heal, provide protection, and maintain balance in the world. However, the US government viewed these practices as superstitious and evil.

Dr. Jose Luis Diaz-Pagan, MD

Dr. Jose Diaz-Pagan, MD is an Orthopedic Surgeon, who primarily practices in El Paso, TX. He is board certified by the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery. Dr. Diaz-Pagan graduated from University of Puerto Rico, School of Medicine and completed his residency at University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Program. Dr. Diaz-Pagan is fluent in English and is currently seeing new patients. Dr. Diaz-Pagan’s practice accepts Aetna, Bravo Health, Cigna and other major insurance plans. To book an appointment or to confirm insurance options, please call Dr. Diaz-Pagan’s office at (915) 593-6700.

Medical Specialties and Areas of Expertise

Education & Training

University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Program ( Residency )

Medical Degree - University of Puerto Rico, School of Medicine

Board Certifications

American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery

Medical Conditions Treated

conditions treated by an Orthopedic Surgeon, like Dr. Jose Diaz-Pagan, may include:

ACL Tear, Bone Fractures, Carpal Tunnel and Osteoarthritis

Please contact Dr. Diaz-Pagan's office for more information or to schedule a consultation.

Medical Procedures Performed

procedures performed by an Orthopedic Surgeon, like Dr. Jose Diaz-Pagan, may include:

Orthopedic Consultation, Spinal Cord Surgery, Arthroscopy, Orthopedic Follow Up, Spinal Cord Tumor, Spine Specialist Consultation, Spine Specialist Follow Up, Vertebroplasty, Musculoskeletal Surgery, Orthopedic Trauma, Orthopedic Brace, Spinal Cord Minimally Invasive Surgery, Spinal Cord Reconstructive Surgery, Spinal Cord Second Opinion, Laminectomy, Knee Surgery, Hip Surgery, Hand Surgery, Elbow Surgery, Knee Replacement Surgery, Hip Replacement Surgery, Hip and Knee Surgery Consultation, Hip and Knee Surgery Follow Up, Orthopedic Reconstruction Consultation, Hand and Wrist Reconstruction, Orthopedic Reconstruction Follow Up, Total Hip Replacement, Total Knee Replacement, Total Shoulder Replacement, Cartilage Transplantation, Elbow Replacement Surgery, Osteotomy, Ligament Reconstruction, Orthopedic Trauma Follow Up, Deformity Correction (Post Trauma), Joint Contracture Release, Limb Reconstruction, Open Reduction and Internal Fixation Surgery, Spine Immobilization, Allograft Reconstruction, Nail Cement Spacer Reconstruction, Prosthetics, Osteotomy, Head and Neck Reconstruction, Fingers Reconstruction, Reverse Shoulder Replacement, Spinal Infusions, Kyphoplasty, Partial Knee Replacement, Casting and Splinting, Revisional Hip Replacement Surgery, Revisional Knee Replacement Surgery, Limb Lengthening and Realignment, Spinal Cord Surgery Consultation, Orthopedic Second Opinion, Independent Medical Exam (Orthopedic), Orthopedic Consultation (Spine), Orthopedic Follow Up (Spine), Diskectomy / Discectomy, Spinal Cord Stimulator Implantation Consultation, Arthrodesis, Arthropathy, Orthopedic Consultation (Ankle), Orthopedic Follow Up (Ankle), Ankle Second Opinion, Knee arthroscopy, Hip arthroscopy, Shoulder Reconstructive Surgery Consultation, Shoulder Reconstructive Surgery Follow up and Viscosupplementation

For detailed information, please contact Dr. Diaz-Pagan's office.

If your doctor has a malpractice claim, evaluate the information and determine if the action could potentially impact the quality of care you receive. Claim settlements and arbitration awards may occur for a variety of reasons, which should not necessarily reflect negatively on the doctor's professional competence or conduct.
You may want to use this information to start a discussion with the doctor about his or her history and specific ability to provide healthcare for you.

In 1878, the US government initiated a campaign to eradicate Navajo witchcraft. The campaign involved the forced removal of Navajo medicine men and women from their communities. These individuals were seen as the key practitioners of witchcraft and were believed to be responsible for bringing misfortune and illness to the tribe. The persecution of Navajo medicine men and women was brutal and violent. Many were beaten, tortured, and killed by US soldiers and government officials. The Navajo people were forced to abandon their beliefs and traditions, and many valuable cultural artifacts and sacred objects were destroyed. The witch purge had a devastating impact on the Navajo people. It contributed to the erosion of traditional cultural practices and caused immense psychological and emotional trauma. The loss of spiritual guidance and healing practices had long-lasting effects on the health and well-being of the Navajo community. Despite the efforts to suppress Navajo witchcraft, the tradition was not completely eradicated. Many Navajo people continued to practice naadleehi in secret, passing down the knowledge and traditions to future generations. Today, the Navajo witch purge of 1878 serves as a reminder of the resilience and strength of the Navajo people in the face of cultural suppression and violence. It is a testament to their determination to preserve their traditions and maintain their spiritual connection to the land and the ancestors..

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